Improvement in apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating-gas



, a top plan of same.

ytion of the tank. Fig. 6 represents a longithe tube and the shaft,while to the cylinder- IINITED STATES JOHN BAILEY, OF ST. LOUIS,MISSOURI.

sperimentali forming part of Letters Patent No. 103,994, dated June7,1810.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JOHN BAILEY, of the city and county of St. Louis, andState of Missouri, haveinvented a new and useful Improved Apparatus for'the Manufacture of Illuminating-Gras, of which the following is afull,clear, and exact description, reference being had to the annexeddrawings, making a part of this specification, and in which- Figure lrepresents a side elevation of my apparatus, with a portion in section.Fig. 2 represents a detail of same. Fig. 3 represents Fig. 4 representsa detail of same. Fig. 5 represents a transverse sec tudinal section ot'the tank. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 represent the valve arrangements. Fig. 10represents a top view of the tank. Fig. 11 represenls sectional views ofthe pressure-regulators of the tank. Fig. 12 represents a detail of myapparatus.

Similar letters indicate like parts.

The object of my invention is to produce an apparatus for themanufacture ot' carburetedhydrogen gas without the use of fire, water,or heat of any description; but wholly by atmospheric pressure acting onthe materials used.

On a bed-plate, A, Figs. 1, 3, resting on legs, as seen in Fig. 1, isplaced a cylinder of an air-pump, B, Figs. 1, 3, supported by feet a a',A shaft, C, Figs. l, 3, passes through this cylinder, and at one endrests in the standard D, Figs. 1, 3, while the Vother extremity passesthrough the arm e, Fig. 3, of the standard E, Figs. 1, 3. That part ofthe shaft O inside of the cylinder is cut with reverse threads orgrooves, intersecting each other twice in each revolution, as clearlyseen in Fig. 1. A piston, F, Fig. 1, made in two parts, as seen, itsfaces being united by screws, has screwed to one face a tube, b, Fig. 1,which passes through one head ofthe cylinder, asshown. The shaft Opasses through this tub?, as well as the heads ofthe cylinder and thepiston, and on the outer endfof the tube is an air-tight stuffing-box,c, Figs. 1, 3, making an air-tight slidingjoint between head is screweda stuffing-box, d, Figs.'1, 3, making an air-tightjoint between the tubeand cylinder-head. A stuffing-box, g, Figs. 1, 3, for the other end ofC, is screwed'to the opposite cylinder-head. In place of the pointusually used in connection with a screw of this kind, in order toconvert the uniform rotary motion ofthe shaftinto uniform reciprocatingrectilinear motion of the piston, I use a rod, o, Figs. 1, 4,terminating in a segment, as seen plainly in Fig. 4., the segment beingmade just long enoughto insure that one end of it shall always havecompletely passed the intersection of the grooves on the shaft beforethe other end has reached it, thus preventing any possibility' of theregular motion of the piston being interrupted by the rod failing tofollow the groove, as would very likely be the case were it not providedwith this device. In order that the rod may accommodate itself to thepitch of the screw it is made to work freely in a hollow set-screw, f,Fig. 1, placed in one part of the piston, by means of which it can beadjusted-so as to engage accurately with the shaft. This adjustmenthaving once been properly made will seldom have to be changed.

In either cylinder-head is placed an induction-port, G G', Fig. 3,(shown in section in Fig. 7,) having perforated caps, as seen in Fig. 8.In each port is placed a valve, h, Fig. 7, its spindle working in aperforated cross-plate, and having` attached to it a spiral spring, u,kept in place by a nut on the end of the spindle, as plainly seen inFig. 7. This spring insures the return of the valve to its seat on thereturn-stroke of thepiston. On either head ot' the cylinder are alsoeductionports, H H', Fig. 3, (shown in section in Fig. 9,) which alsohave similar spiingvalves, k, Fig. 9. The induction and eduction valvesare of course so arranged that they open and close at cach alternatestroke ofthe piston, and when oneinduction-port is open its companioneductionport in the same head of the cylinder is of course closed. l

A shaft, J, Figs. 1, 3, having one bearing in the standard K and theother in E, has on one end afree spur-gear, l, Figs. 1, 2, 3, gearingwith a pinion, m, concentric with and attached to thespu1geara,havingits bearing iu the arm c, and gearing with the pinion p,keyed to the shaft O. On the end of J is keyed aratchetwheel, 7, Fig. 2,with which a spring-pawl, s, fastened to theface of l, engages. On J iswound a cord,Y, Fig. 3, to which is attached a weight. (Not shown.) Thewheel l beingfree on the shaft J, the weight may, by means of a key, bewound up without affecting l; but when the weight causes the shaft torevolve in the other direction the ratchet and pawl cause the wheel l torevolve with the shaft, transmittingits motion through the intermediategearing to the screw-shaft, which, revolving, gives a reciprocatingmotion to the piston. The relative diameters and other details ot' thesegearings will of course be determined by the size of the lmachine andthe speed desired to give the piston.

Beneath the bed-plate is placed a tank, L, Figs. 1,3, 5, 6, 10,11, inthe upper part of which is lsuspended a perforated basket,M,Figs.5, 6.Opening into'the top of the tank are two pipes, q t, Figs. 6,10, q, Fig.3, the former of which is the "discharge-pipe for the gas and the latter'the "su ppl y-pipe o'f the tank. A third pipe, w,

Figs-6, 10,12, passes'down to the bottom'of the tank, `and there forms-ajunction with the four birainch'pipes z z' zz", Figs. 5, 6, which,curving upward, open into the basket, as seen. In eac-hof these fourpipes, near their junction withmsa smallopening. (Not shown.) The pipe-wextends up 'through the bed-plate'and connectswith'the pipe N, Figs. 3,12, which, as

-`seen in Fig. 3, isconnected with the eductionport'sof the air-pump.The connection between ,fw-and N is by means of a union-coupling, .'r,Fig. 12, (shown more clearly at i in the same figure.) The tank isprovided with man-holes l P', Fi g. 6, by which its interior may bereached. Now,'to equalize'the pressure and give a regular and uniformflow of gas through the dischargc-pipe,I attach to the tank receivers SS S, Figs. 10, 11, by means of pipes It R R", Fig. 10. These receivers Ipropose to provide `,with either one of the three diierent devices I amabout to describe, according as circumstances may determine the one orthe other more desirable, each one h aving, by experiment, been provento be effective. S, Fig. l1, is provided with a regular bellows, T,weighted on `top, as seen, and into this the pipe from the t'an'kopens.In S is shown an elastic bag, W, having its mouth attached to thepipefrom the tank, while in S a weighted piston, X, i's'arrangcd so asto rise and fall with the gas. The receivers of course are made tightand strong, so that there may not be an undue expansion of the bellowsand bag or too great a rise of the piston.

Any one of the solid materials-as charcoalfrom which carbureted-hydrogengas is made being placed in the basket of the tank, and one of the hydrocarbons-as gasoline-poured vinto the tank, the air-pump is set inmotion,

when by reason of the arrangement of induction and'eduction ports asteady current of air vis forced through the pipe w, and, entering thebranch pipes, drives the iiuid which has entered them through theopenings above mentioned into the basket, and at the same time a portionof the air passes `out of these pipes into the mass of liquidsurroundingthem, thus carrying on at the same time the two processes of rvaporizing and carburetin g. So lougas the liquid does notfall below the level ofthe openings in the branch pipesa continual supply of the liquid will bethrown into the basket, so that all the attention the apparatus requiresis to see that the weight has not run down or the supply of fluid fallentoo low.

It is evident that in this apparatus all danger of explosion from tireor heat is done away with, since none need ever be brought near themachine, as there is no water to freeze.

The tank need not be placed in the position shown, but may of course beplaced wherever most'convenient, that in the drawings, however, showingthe most compact manner of disposing of it.

What I claim as my'inventiomand desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-fl. The combination of the cylinder B, revolving shaft C, and slidingtube b, with stud'- ing-boxes c d, with the piston F, as shown andspecified.

2. The combination of the piston F, rod o, and shaft C, the latterhaving its periphery cutwith double intersectin gthreads or grooves, asand for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the hollow set-screw f and rod o with the pistonof an air-pump, as and for the purpose specified.

4. The induction-ports G G and eductionports H H', in combination withthe cylinder B, and arranged relatively to each other, as and for thepurpose specitied.

5. An air-pump combining the several devices hereinbefore specied, allarranged, constructed, and operated substantially as and for the purposeshown and specified. v

6. The gearing composed of the wheels and pinions p m n 1' l, connectedwith the shafts C and .J the latter being prpvided with a weight andcord by which it is set in motion, and all'arranged, constructed, andoperating as and for the purpose specified.

7. The combination of the tankL,perforated basket M, branch pipes a z zz", and connecting-pipe w, as and for the purpose shown and specified. f

8. The receiver S, containing an air-tight belloivs,T,weighted onitstop, and havingv the pipe R, opening into it, in combination with thetank L for the purpose of equalizing and vrendering uniform the pressureof the gas therein, as shown and specified.

9. The receiver S', containing an elastic bag, W, into which the pipe Ropens, in combination with the tank L for the purpose of equalizing andrendering uniform the pressure ot' the gas therein,`as shown andspecified.

10. The receiver S, containing a weighted piston, X, made to rise andfall by the pressure of the gas entering beneath it through the pipe R",in combination with the tank L for the purpose of equalizing andrendering uniform the pressure of the gas therein, substantially asshown and speeied.

ll. The combination of the tank L, with its perforated basket M, pipes wz z z z, and pressure-receiver with a double-acting airpump arranged andconstructed so as to manufacture from. any of the vegetable and hydro orheat of any description, substantially as shown and described.

JOHN BAILEY.

Witnesses:

SAML. S. BOYD, J. P. GALLAGHER.

